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Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei
The Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei ((ギリシア語:Συνωμοσία των Πυρήνων της Φωτιάς), ''Synomosía Pyrínon Tis Fotiás'' –SPF), also translated as Conspiracy of Fire Cells or Conspiracy of Cells of Fire, is a radical anarchist organization based in Greece. The SPF first surfaced on January 21, 2008, with a wave of 11 firebombings against luxury car dealerships and banks in Athens and Thessaloniki.〔(((i)) Indymedia :: Athens :: Newswire :: Εμπρηστικό μπαράζ-Overnight Series of Arsons (21/1/2008) )〕 Monthly waves of arson have been followed by proclamations expressing solidarity with arrested anarchists in Greece and elsewhere. In September 2009, following an escalation to the use of crude time bombs, four suspected members of the group were arrested. In November 2010 two more suspects were arrested while attempting to mail parcel bombs to embassies and EU leaders and organizations. The organization was designated as a terrorist group on October 13, 2011, by the U.S. Department of State.〔http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2011/10/175362.htm U.S. Department of State〕
== History ==
The Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei (SPF) conducted its first wave of nearly simultaneous firebombing attacks using gas canister bombs at around 1 am local time on January 21, 2008, to express solidarity with an arrested anarchist. At 5 pm on February 20 an incendiary device was detonated at the Athens law firm of Anastasios Papaligouras, former Minister for Justice. A woman employee was cut by flying glass.〔() Worldwide Incidents Tracking System〕〔http://www.upi.com/Top_News/2008/02/22/Anarchists-claim-responsibility-for-arson/UPI-26531203730753/ United Press International〕〔http://news.in.gr/greece/article/?aid=874928&lngDtrID=244 in.gr〕 The following day, assailants detonated incendiary devices as part of eight separate attacks across parts of Attica, targeting banks, an insurance company and several vehicles.〔〔() Worldwide Incidents Tracking System〕 A similar incident occurred in Thessaloniki on March 19, when attackers set a town hall and three security vehicles on fire.〔() Worldwide Incidents Tracking System〕 Further attacks struck Athens on April 9–10, 2008, when incendiary devices were detonated overnight at the Italian Institute of Culture, a vehicle repair shop and four automobile dealerships.〔() Worldwide Incidents Tracking System〕 On December 3 an improvised explosive device went off at the Athens offices of Agence France-Presse at 5:50 pm.〔() Worldwide Incidents Tracking System〕
The group was credited with at least four attacks in 2009. On July 7, an explosion occurred outside the house of Panagiotis Chinofotis, a former Minister of Internal Affairs and decorated Admiral of the Hellenic Navy with a tenure as a former Head of the Armed Forces of Greece. The bomb, using gunpowder in a pressure cooker, was subsequently claimed by the Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei, asserting that Chinofotis bore some of the responsibility for the murder of Alexandros Grigoropoulos,〔() 〕 the young student whose killing by policemen in December 2008 had led to the 2008 Greek riots. On October 30 a similar device was detonated outside the Athens home of Marietta Giannakou, a prominent conservative opposition Member of the European Parliament, causing minor damage and no injuries.〔(ekathimerini.com | Bomb targets MEP home )〕 On November 14 a bomb detonated in front of the home of Panhellenic Socialist Movement deputy Mimis Androulakis in the Kareas suburb of eastern Athens. The SPF claimed the attack, accusing Androulakis of being a traitor to the left wing.〔(ekathimerini.com | Bomb explodes at deputy’s home )〕 On December 28 a more powerful bomb went off in the Athens district of Neos Kosmos, damaging the Ethniki Asfalistiki insurance building off Syngrou Avenue.〔(Bomb goes off at the Ethniki Asfalistiki building in Neos Kosmos | Αθήνα 9.84 )〕 The group's proclamation announced a new alliance with a group that had access to real explosives.〔(((i)) Indymedia :: Athens :: Newswire :: Έκρηξη συγγρού-Συνωμοσία πυρήνων της φωτιάς )〕
The SPF took credit for further attacks in 2010, including the explosion of a makeshift bomb on January 9 outside the Greek parliament building, causing minor damages and no injuries, and three bomb attacks on March 20 relating to the immigration issue. The bombs attacked the offices of Greek Nationalist party Golden Dawn, causing significant damage, the home of a Pakistani community leader in Athens, causing slight damage and no injuries, and a bus shelter outside a police station along Petrou Ralli Street in Athens, which had been implicated in several instances of police violence against immigrants, including the death of two Pakistanis in custody at the station. The latter explosion caused minimal damage and no injuries.〔(Attentat à Athènes contre un centre de la police - LExpress.fr )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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